# INDEX

lookup · from excel · excel: verified match · sheets: verified match

returns value at row and column in range

## signature

```
INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num], [area_num])
```

returns: `any`

## arguments

- array: range: required
- row_num: number: required
- column_num: number: optional
- area_num: number: optional, defaults to 1

## examples

formula and result, asserted in the engine test suite.

| formula | result | with |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `=INDEX(A1:C10, 2, 3)` | `beta` | A1=10, A2=20, A3=30, A4=40, A5=50, B1=2, B2=4, B3=6, B4=8, B5=10, C1=alpha, C2=beta, C3=gamma, C4=delta, C5=epsilon |
| `=INDEX(A1:A10, 5)` | `50` | A1=10, A2=20, A3=30, A4=40, A5=50 |

## errors

error values observed from the engine: each with a call that produces it.

| error | produced by |
| --- | --- |
| `#REF!` | `=INDEX({1,2,3},1,0,2)` |
| `#VALUE!` | `=INDEX({1,2,3;4,5,6},-1,1)` |

## related

- [ADDRESS](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/address.md): returns a cell address as text from row and column numbers
- [AREAS](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/areas.md): returns the number of areas in a reference
- [HLOOKUP](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/hlookup.md): searches first row and returns matching value
- [HYPERLINK](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/hyperlink.md): the text a link displays: clickability is the renderer's
- [INDIRECT](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/indirect.md): returns reference specified by text string
- [LOOKUP](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/lookup.md): looks up value in one-row or one-column range
- [MATCH](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/match.md): returns position of value in a range
- [OFFSET](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/offset.md): returns reference offset from starting point

## navigate

- [all lookup functions](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/lookup-functions.md)
- [function index](https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions.md): all 602 functions
- [error values](https://deepcalc.com/docs/errors.md) · [concepts](https://deepcalc.com/docs/concepts.md) · [limits](https://deepcalc.com/docs/limits.md)
- [everything in one file](https://deepcalc.com/llms-full.txt)

source: https://deepcalc.com/docs/functions/index