Functions

602 functions in 14 categories, evaluated the same way in the editor, the API and every published page.

Function	What it does
ABS	Returns absolute value of a number.
ACCRINT	Accrued interest for a security paying periodic interest.
ACCRINTM	Accrued interest for a security paying at maturity.
ACOS	Returns arccosine of a number.
ACOSH	Returns inverse hyperbolic cosine.
ACOT	Returns the arccotangent of a number.
ACOTH	Returns the inverse hyperbolic cotangent.
ADD	Adds two numbers: sheets exposes the + operator as a function.
ADDRESS	Returns a cell address as text from row and column numbers.
AGGREGATE	Aggregates a range with a chosen function, optionally ignoring error values.
AMORDEGRC	Depreciation per period, French accounting, degressive.
AMORLINC	Depreciation per period, French accounting, linear.
AND	Returns TRUE if all arguments are true.
ARABIC	Converts roman numeral to arabic number.
AREAS	Returns the number of areas in a reference.
ARRAY_CONSTRAIN	Truncates a range to at most the given rows and columns.
ARRAYFORMULA	Evaluates an expression across a range (this engine already spills, so it is a pass-through for sheets compatibility).
ARRAYTOTEXT	Converts array to text representation.
ASC	Converts full-width characters to half-width.
ASIAN.CALL	Asian call on the geometric average of n_avg observations (exact closed form; approximates the arithmetic Asian).
ASIN	Returns arcsine of a number.
ASINH	Returns inverse hyperbolic sine.
ATAN	Returns arctangent of a number.
ATAN2	Returns arctangent from x and y coordinates.
ATANH	Returns inverse hyperbolic tangent.
AVEDEV	Average of absolute deviations from the mean.
AVERAGE	Calculates arithmetic mean.
AVERAGE.WEIGHTED	Average of values weighted by a second range.
AVERAGEA	Averages values including text and logicals.
AVERAGEIF	Averages cells that match a condition.
AVERAGEIFS	Averages cells matching multiple conditions.
BAHTTEXT	Spells a number as thai baht and satang.
BARRIER.CALL	Barrier call option: type 1=down-and-out, 2=down-and-in, 3=up-and-out, 4=up-and-in (Hull ch. 26 formulas).
BASE	Converts number to text in given base.
BESSELI	Returns modified Bessel function In(x).
BESSELJ	Returns Bessel function Jn(x).
BESSELK	Returns modified Bessel function Kn(x).
BESSELY	Returns Bessel function Yn(x).
BETA.DIST	Beta distribution.
BETA.INV	Inverse of the beta distribution.
BETADIST	Legacy form of BETA.DIST (cumulative).
BETAINV	Legacy form of BETA.INV.
BIN2DEC	Converts binary number to decimal.
BIN2HEX	Converts binary number to hexadecimal.
BIN2OCT	Converts binary number to octal.
BINOM.DIST	Binomial distribution probability.
BINOM.DIST.RANGE	Probability of a trial result range.
BINOM.INV	Smallest value with cumulative binomial at or above a criterion.
BINOMDIST	Legacy form of BINOM.DIST.
BINOMIAL.AMERICAN.PUT	Binomial tree American put option price.
BINOMIAL.CALL	Binomial tree call option price.
BINOMIAL.PUT	Binomial tree put option price.
BITAND	Returns bitwise AND of two numbers.
BITLSHIFT	Returns number shifted left by bits.
BITOR	Returns bitwise OR of two numbers.
BITRSHIFT	Returns number shifted right by bits.
BITXOR	Returns bitwise XOR of two numbers.
BS.CALL	Black-Scholes call option price.
BS.CALL.DIVIDEND	Black-Scholes call option with dividend yield.
BS.IMPLIED_VOL.CALL	Implied volatility from call option price.
BS.IMPLIED_VOL.PUT	Implied volatility from put option price.
BS.PUT	Black-Scholes put option price.
BS.PUT.DIVIDEND	Black-Scholes put option with dividend yield.
BYCOL	Applies lambda to each column of array.
BYROW	Applies lambda to each row of array.
CEILING	Rounds up to the nearest multiple of significance.
CEILING.MATH	Rounds up with optional significance and mode.
CEILING.PRECISE	Rounds up to the nearest multiple, sign-independent.
CELL	Information about a cell's formatting, location or contents.
CHAR	Returns the character for a character-set code.
CHIDIST	Legacy form of CHISQ.DIST.RT.
CHIINV	Legacy form of CHISQ.INV.RT.
CHISQ.DIST	Returns the chi-squared distribution.
CHISQ.DIST.RT	Returns the right-tailed chi-squared distribution.
CHISQ.INV	Returns the inverse of the chi-squared distribution.
CHISQ.INV.RT	Returns the inverse of the right-tailed chi-squared distribution.
CHISQ.TEST	Chi-squared test for independence.
CHITEST	Legacy form of CHISQ.TEST.
CHOOSE	Chooses a value from a list by index.
CHOOSECOLS	Returns the specified columns from an array.
CHOOSEROWS	Returns the specified rows from an array.
CLEAN	Removes non-printable characters.
CODE	Numeric code of the first character.
COLUMN	Returns column number of a reference.
COLUMNS	Returns number of columns in a reference.
COMBIN	Number of combinations of n items taken k at a time.
COMBINA	Combinations with repetitions.
COMPLEX	Converts real and imaginary to complex.
CONCAT	Joins multiple text strings into one.
CONCATENATE	Joins several text strings into one.
CONFIDENCE	Legacy form of CONFIDENCE.NORM.
CONFIDENCE.NORM	Confidence interval for a population mean, normal.
CONFIDENCE.T	Confidence interval for a population mean, Student's t.
CONTAINS	Checks if text contains substring.
CONVERT	Converts number between measurement units.
CORREL	Correlation coefficient between two data sets.
COS	Returns cosine of an angle.
COSH	Returns hyperbolic cosine.
COT	Returns cotangent of an angle.
COTH	Returns hyperbolic cotangent.
COUNT	Counts cells containing numbers.
COUNTA	Counts non-empty cells in a range.
COUNTBLANK	Counts empty cells in a range.
COUNTIF	Counts cells that match a condition.
COUNTIFS	Counts cells matching multiple conditions.
COUNTUNIQUE	Counts distinct non-empty values.
COUPDAYBS	Days from coupon period start to settlement.
COUPDAYS	Days in the coupon period containing settlement.
COUPDAYSNC	Days from settlement to the next coupon date.
COUPNCD	Next coupon date after settlement.
COUPNUM	Number of coupons between settlement and maturity.
COUPPCD	Previous coupon date before settlement.
COVAR	Legacy form of COVARIANCE.P: population covariance.
COVARIANCE.P	Population covariance.
COVARIANCE.S	Sample covariance.
CRITBINOM	Legacy form of BINOM.INV.
CSC	Returns cosecant of an angle.
CSCH	Returns hyperbolic cosecant.
CUMIPMT	Returns cumulative interest paid on loan.
CUMPRINC	Returns cumulative principal paid on loan.
DATE	Creates date from year, month, day.
DATEDIF	Calculates difference between two dates.
DATEVALUE	Converts date text to serial number.
DAVERAGE	Average of database values matching criteria.
DAY	Returns day of month from date.
DAYS	Returns number of days between two dates.
DAYS360	Returns days between dates on 360-day year.
DB	Returns fixed-declining balance depreciation.
DBCS	Converts half-width characters to full-width.
DCOUNT	Counts numeric database values matching criteria.
DCOUNTA	Counts non-empty database values matching criteria.
DDB	Returns double-declining balance depreciation.
DEC2BIN	Converts decimal number to binary.
DEC2HEX	Converts decimal number to hexadecimal.
DEC2OCT	Converts decimal number to octal.
DECIMAL	Converts text in given base to number.
DECODEURL	Decodes URL-encoded text.
DEGREES	Converts radians to degrees.
DELTA	Tests if two values are equal.
DELTA.CALL	Delta of call option (rate of change with respect to underlying price).
DELTA.PUT	Delta of put option.
DEVSQ	Sum of squared deviations from the mean.
DGET	The single database value matching criteria.
DIGITAL.CALL	Digital (binary) call option that pays fixed amount.
DISC	Discount rate of a security.
DIVIDE	Divides the first number by the second.
DMAX	Largest database value matching criteria.
DMIN	Smallest database value matching criteria.
DOLLAR	Formats a number as currency text.
DOLLARDE	Converts fractional dollar to decimal.
DOLLARFR	Converts decimal dollar to fractional.
DPRODUCT	Product of database values matching criteria.
DROP	Removes rows or columns from the start or end of an array.
DSTDEV	Sample standard deviation of matching database values.
DSTDEVP	Population standard deviation of matching database values.
DSUM	Sum of database values matching criteria.
DURATION	Returns the Macaulay duration of a security.
DVAR	Sample variance of matching database values.
DVARP	Population variance of matching database values.
ECMA.CEILING	Rounds up to the nearest multiple of significance.
EDATE	Returns date shifted by given months.
EFFECT	Returns effective annual interest rate.
ENCODEURL	Encodes text for use in URLs using percent encoding.
ENDSWITH	Checks if text ends with suffix.
EOMONTH	Returns last day of month after offset.
EPOCHTODATE	Converts a unix timestamp to a date serial.
EQ	True when two values are equal.
ERF	Returns the error function.
ERF.PRECISE	Returns the error function integrated from 0.
ERFC	Returns complementary error function.
ERFC.PRECISE	Returns complementary error function from x.
ERROR.TYPE	Returns number corresponding to an error type.
EUROCONVERT	Converts between currencies with a fixed euro rate.
EVEN	Rounds up to the nearest even integer.
EXACT	Checks if two text strings are identical.
EXP	E raised to the power of a number.
EXPAND	Pads an array to a given size with a fill value.
EXPON.DIST	Exponential distribution.
EXPONDIST	Legacy form of EXPON.DIST.
F.DIST	F probability distribution.
F.DIST.RT	Right-tailed F probability distribution.
F.INV	Inverse of the F distribution.
F.INV.RT	Inverse of the right-tailed F distribution.
F.TEST	F-test for equality of variances.
FACT	Factorial of a number.
FACTDOUBLE	Returns double factorial of a number.
FALSE	Returns the logical value FALSE.
FDIST	Legacy form of F.DIST.RT.
FILTER	Returns the rows or columns of a range that meet a condition.
FILTERXML	Selects values from an xml STRING with an xpath.
FIND	Finds text within another text, case-sensitive.
FINDB	Finds text within text by bytes, case-sensitive.
FINV	Legacy form of F.INV.RT.
FISHER	Returns the Fisher transformation.
FISHERINV	Inverse of the Fisher transformation.
FIXED	Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals.
FLATTEN	Collapses one or more ranges into a single column.
FLOOR	Rounds down to the nearest multiple of significance.
FLOOR.MATH	Rounds down with optional significance and mode.
FLOOR.PRECISE	Rounds down to the nearest multiple, sign-independent.
FORECAST	Predicts a value along a linear trend.
FORECAST.ETS	Forecasts a value using exponential smoothing.
FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT	Confidence interval for an ETS forecast.
FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY	Season length detected by ETS.
FORECAST.ETS.STAT	Statistic from the ETS model.
FORECAST.LINEAR	Predicts a value on the linear regression line.
FORMULATEXT	Returns formula as a text string.
FREQUENCY	Counts values falling into bins, spilled as a column.
FROMBYTES	Converts byte array to integer.
FTEST	Legacy form of F.TEST.
FV	Returns future value of an investment.
FVSCHEDULE	Future value under a schedule of compound rates.
GAMMA	Returns the gamma function value.
GAMMA.DIST	Gamma distribution.
GAMMA.INV	Inverse of the gamma distribution.
GAMMADIST	Legacy form of GAMMA.DIST.
GAMMAINV	Legacy form of GAMMA.INV.
GAMMALN	Natural logarithm of the gamma function.
GAMMALN.PRECISE	Natural logarithm of the gamma function.
GAUSS	Probability a standard normal member falls between the mean and z.
GCD	Greatest common divisor.
GENERATEID	Generates unique ID with prefix and random suffix.
GEOMEAN	Returns geometric mean of positive values.
GESTEP	Tests if number is greater than threshold.
GROUPBY	Groups rows by a field and aggregates values: excel's argument list; `function` is SUM, COUNT, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN or PRODUCT, written as in excel (SUM), as text or as a selector; a LAMBDA is refused.
GROWTH	Values along an exponential trend.
GT	True when the first number is greater.
GTE	True when the first number is greater or equal.
HARMEAN	Returns the harmonic mean.
HASH	Hex digest of text: SHA256 (default, FIPS 180-4) or MD5 (RFC 1321).
HEX2BIN	Converts hexadecimal number to binary.
HEX2DEC	Converts hexadecimal number to decimal.
HEX2OCT	Converts hexadecimal number to octal.
HLOOKUP	Searches first row and returns matching value.
HOUR	Returns hour component of a time.
HSTACK	Joins arrays side by side into one array.
HYPERLINK	The text a link displays: clickability is the renderer's.
HYPGEOM.DIST	Hypergeometric distribution.
HYPGEOMDIST	Legacy form of HYPGEOM.DIST.
IF	Returns one value if condition is true, another if false.
IFERROR	Returns value if no error, otherwise alternate.
IFNA	Returns value if not #N/A, otherwise alternate.
IFS	Checks multiple conditions, returns first match.
IMABS	Returns absolute value of complex number.
IMAGE	Shows an image from a url: the browser loads it, the engine does not fetch.
IMAGINARY	Returns imaginary coefficient of complex number.
IMARGUMENT	Returns argument theta of complex number.
IMCONJUGATE	Returns complex conjugate of complex number.
IMCOS	Returns cosine of a complex number.
IMCOSH	Returns hyperbolic cosine of complex number.
IMCOT	Returns cotangent of a complex number.
IMCOTH	Hyperbolic cotangent of a complex number.
IMCSC	Returns cosecant of a complex number.
IMCSCH	Returns hyperbolic cosecant of complex number.
IMDIV	Returns quotient of two complex numbers.
IMEXP	Returns exponential of a complex number.
IMLN	Returns natural logarithm of complex number.
IMLOG	Logarithm of a complex number to any base.
IMLOG10	Returns base-10 logarithm of complex number.
IMLOG2	Returns base-2 logarithm of complex number.
IMPORTRANGE	Imports a range from another deepcalc workbook, addressed as {namespace}/{name}: e.g. worldbank/gdp. Resolution is journaled, never live-silent: refreshing the workbook's Sources materializes the target values as ordinary ops, so every upstream change arrives as a reviewable diff. Each source can track the latest version or be pinned to a specific one (the Sources panel). Before the first refresh the cell shows #NAME?. The inline form ={ns}/{name}!worksheet!A1:B10 is equivalent.
IMPOWER	Returns complex number raised to power.
IMPRODUCT	Returns product of complex numbers.
IMREAL	Returns real coefficient of complex number.
IMSEC	Returns secant of a complex number.
IMSECH	Returns hyperbolic secant of complex number.
IMSIN	Returns sine of a complex number.
IMSINH	Returns hyperbolic sine of complex number.
IMSQRT	Returns square root of complex number.
IMSUB	Returns difference of two complex numbers.
IMSUM	Returns sum of complex numbers.
IMTAN	Returns tangent of a complex number.
IMTANH	Hyperbolic tangent of a complex number.
INDEX	Returns value at row and column in range.
INDIRECT	Returns reference specified by text string.
INFO	Information about the operating environment.
INT	Rounds down to the nearest integer.
INTERCEPT	Y-intercept of the linear regression line.
INTRATE	Interest rate of a fully invested security.
IPMT	Returns interest payment for a period.
IRR	Calculates internal rate of return.
ISBETWEEN	True when a number lies within a range.
ISBLANK	Returns TRUE if value is blank.
ISDATE	True when a value can be read as a date.
ISEMAIL	True when text looks like an email address.
ISERR	Returns TRUE if value is any error except #N/A.
ISERROR	Returns TRUE if value is any error.
ISEVEN	Returns TRUE if number is even.
ISFORMULA	Returns TRUE if cell contains a formula.
ISIN	Checks if value is in a range or comma-separated list.
ISLOGICAL	Returns TRUE if value is logical.
ISNA	Returns TRUE if value is #N/A error.
ISNONTEXT	Returns TRUE if value is not text.
ISNUMBER	Returns TRUE if value is a number.
ISO.CEILING	Rounds up to the nearest multiple, sign-independent.
ISODD	Returns TRUE if number is odd.
ISOMITTED	Checks if lambda argument is omitted.
ISOWEEKNUM	Returns ISO week number of a date.
ISPMT	Returns interest for even-principal payment.
ISREF	Returns TRUE if value is a reference.
ISTEXT	Returns TRUE if value is text.
ISURL	True when text looks like a url.
JIS	Converts half-width characters to full-width (alias of DBCS).
JOIN	Joins values with delimiter.
KURT	Returns the kurtosis of a data set.
LAMBDA	Creates a custom reusable function.
LARGE	Returns the k-th largest value in a data set.
LCM	Least common multiple.
LEFT	Returns leftmost characters from text.
LEFTB	Returns leftmost bytes from text.
LEN	Returns number of characters in text.
LENB	Returns number of bytes in text.
LET	Assigns names to values in a formula.
LINEST	Parameters of the least-squares linear fit.
LN	Natural logarithm of a number.
LOG	Logarithm to a given base.
LOG10	Base-10 logarithm of a number.
LOGEST	Parameters of the exponential curve fit.
LOGINV	Legacy form of LOGNORM.INV.
LOGNORM.DIST	Lognormal distribution.
LOGNORM.INV	Inverse of the lognormal distribution.
LOGNORMDIST	Legacy form of LOGNORM.DIST (cumulative).
LOOKUP	Looks up value in one-row or one-column range.
LOWER	Converts text to lowercase.
LT	True when the first number is smaller.
LTE	True when the first number is smaller or equal.
MAKEARRAY	Creates array from lambda over indices.
MAP	Maps lambda over array values.
MARGINOFERROR	Margin of error of a sample at a confidence level.
MATCH	Returns position of value in a range.
MAX	Returns the largest value in a set.
MAXA	Returns the largest value, counting text and logicals.
MAXIFS	Returns largest value matching conditions.
MDETERM	Returns matrix determinant of an array.
MDURATION	Modified Macauley duration.
MEDIAN	Returns the median of a set of numbers.
MID	Returns characters from middle of text.
MIDB	Returns bytes from middle of text.
MIN	Returns the smallest value in a set.
MINA	Returns the smallest value, counting text and logicals.
MINIFS	Returns smallest value matching conditions.
MINUS	Subtracts the second number from the first.
MINUTE	Returns minute component of a time.
MINVERSE	Returns matrix inverse of an array.
MIRR	Returns modified internal rate of return.
MMULT	Returns the matrix product of two arrays.
MOD	Remainder after division.
MODE	Legacy form of MODE.SNGL: most frequent value in a data set.
MODE.MULT	Returns an array of the most frequently occurring values.
MODE.SNGL	Returns the most frequently occurring value.
MONTH	Returns month component of a date.
MROUND	Rounds to the nearest multiple.
MULTINOMIAL	Returns the multinomial coefficient of a set of numbers.
MULTIPLY	Multiplies two numbers.
MUNIT	Returns identity matrix of given size.
N	Converts a value to a number.
NA	Returns the error value #N/A.
NE	True when two values differ.
NEGBINOM.DIST	Negative binomial distribution.
NEGBINOMDIST	Legacy form of NEGBINOM.DIST.
NETWORKDAYS	Returns business days between two dates.
NETWORKDAYS.INTL	Counts business days with custom weekend.
NOMINAL	Returns annual nominal interest rate.
NORM.DIST	Normal distribution.
NORM.INV	Inverse of the normal distribution.
NORM.S.DIST	Standard normal distribution.
NORM.S.INV	Inverse of the standard normal distribution.
NORMDIST	Legacy form of NORM.DIST.
NORMINV	Legacy form of NORM.INV.
NORMSDIST	Legacy form of NORM.S.DIST (cumulative).
NORMSINV	Legacy form of NORM.S.INV.
NOT	Reverses the logic of its argument.
NOW	Returns current date and time.
NPER	Returns number of periods for investment.
NPV	Calculates net present value of investment.
NUMBERVALUE	Converts text to a number, locale-independent.
OCT2BIN	Converts octal number to binary.
OCT2DEC	Converts octal number to decimal.
OCT2HEX	Converts octal number to hexadecimal.
ODD	Rounds up to the nearest odd integer.
ODDFPRICE	Returns the price of a security with an odd first period.
ODDFYIELD	Yield of a security with an odd first period.
ODDLPRICE	Price of a security with an odd last period.
ODDLYIELD	Yield of a security with an odd last period.
OFFSET	Returns reference offset from starting point.
OPT.GAMMA	Gamma of option (rate of change of delta).
OPT.VEGA	Vega of option (sensitivity to volatility).
OR	Returns TRUE if any argument is true.
PDURATION	Returns periods to reach target value.
PEARSON	Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.
PERCENTILE	Legacy form of PERCENTILE.INC: k-th percentile.
PERCENTILE.EXC	K-th percentile, exclusive.
PERCENTILE.INC	Returns the k-th percentile, inclusive.
PERCENTOF	Share of a data subset within a whole.
PERCENTRANK	Legacy form of PERCENTRANK.INC: rank as a percentage.
PERCENTRANK.EXC	Percentage rank, exclusive.
PERCENTRANK.INC	Percentage rank, inclusive.
PERMUT	Returns the number of permutations of a set of objects.
PERMUTATIONA	Returns the number of permutations with repetitions allowed.
PHI	Density function value for the standard normal distribution.
PI	Returns the value of pi.
PIVOTBY	Groups rows and columns and aggregates the values: excel's argument list; `function` is SUM, COUNT, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN or PRODUCT, written as in excel (SUM), as text or as a selector; a LAMBDA is refused.
PMT	Returns periodic payment for an annuity.
POISSON	Legacy form of POISSON.DIST.
POISSON.DIST	Poisson distribution.
POW	Raises a number to a power.
POWER	Returns number raised to a power.
PPMT	Returns principal payment for a period.
PRICE	Returns the price per $100 face value of a security paying periodic interest.
PRICEDISC	Price of a discounted security.
PRICEMAT	Price of a security paying interest at maturity.
PROB	Probability that values fall within limits.
PRODUCT	Multiplies all numbers given as arguments.
PROPER	Capitalizes the first letter of each word.
PV	Returns present value of an investment.
QUARTILE	Legacy form of QUARTILE.INC: quartile of a data set.
QUARTILE.EXC	Returns a quartile, excluding the median.
QUARTILE.INC	Returns a quartile, including the median.
QUERY	Runs SQL-like query on data range.
QUOTIENT	Integer portion of a division.
RADIANS	Converts degrees to radians.
RAND	Returns a random number between 0 and 1.
RANDARRAY	Returns an array of random numbers.
RANDBETWEEN	Returns random integer between two values.
RANDOMCHOICE	Random pick from a range (with replacement); count > 1 spills a column.
RANDOMINT.UNIQUE	Generates unique random integers in range.
RANDOMNORMAL	Generates random values from normal distribution.
RANK	Legacy form of RANK.EQ: rank of a number in a list.
RANK.AVG	Rank of a number, average rank for ties.
RANK.EQ	Rank of a number, top rank for ties.
RATE	Returns interest rate per period.
RECEIVED	Amount received at maturity for a fully invested security.
REDUCE	Reduces array to value with lambda.
REGEXEXTRACT	Extracts the first regex match.
REGEXMATCH	True when text matches a regular expression.
REGEXREPLACE	Replaces regex matches with new text.
REGEXTEST	Whether text matches a regular expression.
REPLACE	Replaces characters by position.
REPLACEB	Replaces characters by byte position.
REPT	Repeats text a given number of times.
RHO.CALL	Rho of call option (sensitivity to interest rate).
RHO.PUT	Rho of put option (sensitivity to interest rate).
RIGHT	Returns rightmost characters from text.
RIGHTB	Returns rightmost bytes from text.
ROMAN	Converts arabic number to roman numeral.
ROUND	Rounds a number to specified digits.
ROUNDDOWN	Rounds a number down toward zero.
ROUNDUP	Rounds a number up away from zero.
ROW	Returns row number of a reference.
ROWS	Returns number of rows in a reference.
RRI	Returns equivalent interest rate for growth.
RSQ	Square of the Pearson correlation coefficient.
SCAN	Scans array with lambda keeping intermediates.
SEARCH	Finds text within another text, case-insensitive.
SEARCHB	Finds text within text by bytes, case-insensitive.
SEC	Returns secant of an angle.
SECH	Returns hyperbolic secant.
SECOND	Returns second component of a time.
SEQUENCE	Generates a sequence of numbers as an array.
SERIESSUM	Returns the sum of a power series.
SHEET	Returns sheet number of a reference.
SHEETS	Number of sheets in a reference.
SIGN	Sign of a number as -1, 0 or 1.
SIN	Returns sine of an angle.
SINH	Returns hyperbolic sine.
SKEW	Returns the skewness of a distribution.
SKEW.P	Skewness based on the entire population.
SLN	Returns straight-line depreciation per period.
SLOPE	Slope of the linear regression line.
SMALL	Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set.
SORT	Sorts the contents of a range or array.
SORTBY	Sorts a range or array by values in a corresponding range.
SORTN	The first n rows of a range after sorting.
SPARKLINE	Draws a mini line or bar chart from a range: options take charttype, color, negcolor, linewidth, ymin and ymax.
SPLIT	Splits text by delimiter into multiple cells.
SQRT	Returns square root of a number.
SQRTPI	Returns square root of number times pi.
STANDARDIZE	Normalized value from a distribution.
STARTSWITH	Checks if text starts with prefix.
STDEV	Legacy form of STDEV.S: sample standard deviation.
STDEV.P	Population standard deviation.
STDEV.S	Sample standard deviation.
STDEVA	Sample standard deviation, counting text and logicals.
STDEVP	Legacy form of STDEV.P: population standard deviation.
STDEVPA	Population standard deviation, counting text and logicals.
STEYX	Standard error of the predicted y for each x.
SUBSTITUTE	Replaces old text with new text.
SUBTOTAL	Returns subtotal using specified function.
SUM	Adds numbers together.
SUMIF	Sums cells that match a condition.
SUMIFS	Sums cells that match multiple conditions.
SUMPRODUCT	Returns sum of products of array components.
SUMSQ	Sum of the squares of the arguments.
SUMX2MY2	Sum of the difference of squares of two ranges.
SUMX2PY2	Sum of the sum of squares of two ranges.
SUMXMY2	Sum of squared differences of two ranges.
SWITCH	Evaluates expression against list of values.
SYD	Returns sum-of-years-digits depreciation.
T	Returns text if value is text, else empty.
T.DIST	Student's t-distribution.
T.DIST.2T	Two-tailed Student's t-distribution.
T.DIST.RT	Right-tailed Student's t-distribution.
T.INV	Left-tailed inverse of the t-distribution.
T.INV.2T	Two-tailed inverse of the t-distribution.
T.TEST	Probability from Student's t-test.
TABLEJOIN	Inner-joins two ranges on a key column in each.
TAKE	Returns rows or columns from the start or end of an array.
TAN	Returns tangent of an angle.
TANH	Returns hyperbolic tangent.
TBILLEQ	Returns bond-equivalent yield for treasury bill.
TBILLPRICE	Returns price per $100 for treasury bill.
TBILLYIELD	Returns yield for a treasury bill.
TDIST	Legacy form of T.DIST.RT / T.DIST.2T.
TEXT	Formats number as text with given format.
TEXTAFTER	Returns text after a delimiter.
TEXTBEFORE	Returns text before a delimiter.
TEXTCAPITALIZE	Capitalizes first letter of text.
TEXTCENTER	Centers text with padding to reach specified length.
TEXTCOMPARE	Compares two texts and returns -1, 0, or 1.
TEXTCOUNT	Counts occurrences of substring in text.
TEXTINDENT	Indents text with specified number of characters.
TEXTJOIN	Joins text with delimiter, ignoring blanks.
TEXTPADLEFT	Pads text on the left with character to reach specified length.
TEXTPADRIGHT	Pads text on the right with character to reach specified length.
TEXTREVERSE	Reverses text.
TEXTSPLIT	Splits text by delimiters into an array.
TEXTSWAPCASE	Swaps uppercase and lowercase letters.
TEXTTITLE	Converts text to title case.
TEXTWRAP	Wraps text at specified width.
THETA.CALL	Theta of call option (time decay).
THETA.PUT	Theta of put option (time decay).
TIME	Creates time from hour, minute, second.
TIMESTAMP	Current timestamp in milliseconds since epoch.
TIMEVALUE	Converts time text to serial number.
TINV	Legacy form of T.INV.2T.
TO_DATE	Reads a number as a date serial.
TO_DOLLARS	Reads a number as a currency amount.
TO_PERCENT	Reads a number as a percentage.
TO_PURE_NUMBER	Strips formatting and returns the underlying number.
TO_TEXT	Converts a value to text.
TOARRAY	Materializes a range as a dynamic array (spills).
TOBOOL	Converts value to boolean.
TOCOL	Returns an array as a single column.
TODATE	Parses text (YYYY-M-D, YYYY/M/D, M/D/YYYY, D.M.YYYY) to a date serial.
TODAY	Returns current date.
TONUMBER	Converts value to number; unparseable text returns default when given, else #VALUE!
TOROW	Returns an array as a single row.
TOTEXT	Converts value to text representation.
TOTIME	Parses \"HH:MM\" or \"HH:MM:SS\" text to a time fraction of day.
TRANSPOSE	Flips the orientation of a range or array.
TREND	Values along a linear trend.
TRIM	Removes extra spaces from text.
TRIMMEAN	Mean of the interior of a data set.
TRIMRANGE	Trims empty rows and columns from the edges of a range.
TRUE	Returns the logical value TRUE.
TRUNC	Truncates a number to a given precision.
TTEST	Legacy form of T.TEST.
TYPE	Returns type of a value as number.
UMINUS	Negates a number.
UNARY_PERCENT	Divides a number by 100.
UNICHAR	Returns the character for a unicode code point.
UNICODE	Returns unicode number of first character.
UNIQUE	Returns the distinct values from a range or array.
UPLUS	Returns its argument unchanged.
UPPER	Converts text to uppercase.
UUID	Generates UUID v4 string.
VALIDATE.DATE	Validates date components form valid date.
VALIDATE.EMAIL	Validates email address format.
VALIDATE.PHONE	Validates phone number format.
VALIDATE.RANGE	Validates value is within min and max range.
VALIDATE.URL	Validates URL format.
VALUE	Converts text string to a number.
VALUETOTEXT	Returns text from any value type.
VAR	Legacy form of VAR.S: sample variance.
VAR.P	Population variance.
VAR.S	Sample variance.
VARA	Sample variance, counting text and logicals.
VARP	Legacy form of VAR.P: population variance.
VARPA	Population variance, counting text and logicals.
VDB	Depreciation over a period, declining balance with switch.
VLOOKUP	Looks up value in first column of range and returns value from specified column.
VSTACK	Stacks arrays on top of each other into one array.
WEEKDAY	Returns day of week as a number.
WEEKNUM	Returns week number of a date.
WEIBULL	Legacy form of WEIBULL.DIST.
WEIBULL.DIST	Weibull distribution.
WORKDAY	Returns date after given business days.
WORKDAY.INTL	Adds business days with custom weekend.
WRAPCOLS	Wraps a row or column into a 2-D array by columns.
WRAPROWS	Wraps a row or column into a 2-D array by rows.
XIRR	Returns internal rate for irregular cash flows.
XLOOKUP	Searches range and returns matching item.
XMATCH	Returns the position of an item in a range or array.
XNPV	Returns net present value for irregular cash flows.
XOR	Returns exclusive or of all arguments.
YEAR	Returns year component of a date.
YEARFRAC	Returns fraction of year between dates.
YIELD	Returns the yield of a security paying periodic interest.
YIELDDISC	Annual yield of a discounted security.
YIELDMAT	Annual yield of a security paying interest at maturity.
Z.TEST	One-tailed p-value of a z-test.
ZTEST	Legacy form of Z.TEST.

Statistics149 Distributions, averages, spread and regression. MEDIAN · STDEV.S Math94 Arithmetic, rounding, trigonometry and aggregation. SUM · ROUND · ABS Text63 Join, split, clean, search and format strings. CONCAT · TEXTJOIN · TRIM Engineering58 Unit conversion, bases, complex numbers and bitwise operations. CONVERT · DEC2HEX Financial56 Interest, cash flow, depreciation and valuation. NPV · PMT · IRR Array33 Work on whole ranges at once and return multiple values. FILTER · SORT · LET Utility27 Helpers that do not belong to one calculation domain. HASH · IMAGE · GENERATEID Date and time26 Build, read and do arithmetic on dates and times. DATE · TODAY · NETWORKDAYS Information24 Ask what a cell holds: type, emptiness, errors. ISBLANK · ISERROR Options20 Option pricing and the greeks. deepcalc originals, no Excel equivalent. BS.CALL · BS.PUT · ASIAN.CALL Logical18 Branch and combine conditions. IF · IFS · AND Database15 Group, aggregate and query tabular ranges. DSUM · DCOUNT Lookup14 Find a value in a range and return a related one. XLOOKUP · VLOOKUP · MATCH Web5 Fetch and parse data from outside the sheet. ENCODEURL · FILTERXML